This is a simple example to show how to use Echo for rendering. ``` int main(int argc, char** argv) { Kernel kernel; shared_ptr<RenderTarget> target = Platform::CreateRenderTarget("Window",kernel,800,300,32,false); MultiRenderer renderer(target); Scene scene; shared_ptr<Camera> camera = scene.CreateCamera(); camera->SetPosition(-1,10,10); camera->LookAt(0,0,0); shared_ptr<Camera> camera2 = scene.CreateCamera(); camera2->SetPosition(1,10,10); camera2->LookAt(0,0,0); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0,0,0.5,1),camera); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0.5,0,1,1),camera2); kernel.AddTask(renderer); kernel.Execute(Platform::CreateExecutionModel()); return 0; } ``` In this example we use a custom scene renderable object that renders a cube mesh. The cube is created manually rather than loading a file to keep this example simple (i.e. not use resources). This example renders the cube through two different viewports using a Multi-Renderer. ``` //Platform and Kernel includes #include <echo/Platform.h> #include <echo/Kernel/Kernel.h> //Rendering includes #include <echo/Graphics/Renderer.h> #include <echo/Graphics/MultiRenderer.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Scene.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Camera.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Viewport.h> //Graphics object includes #include <echo/Graphics/Mesh.h> #include <echo/Graphics/SubMesh.h> //To make this example a little easier on the eyes. using namespace Echo; //A basic custom scene renderable. class SpinningCube : public SceneRenderable { public: SpinningCube() : mAngle(0) { //Create a cube SubMesh* subMesh=mMesh.CreateSubMesh(); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,0,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,-2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,0,1)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,-2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,0,1)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,-2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,-2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,0,0)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,1,2)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,1,3)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(5,4,6)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(5,6,7)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(4,0,6)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(6,0,2)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,4,5)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,5,1)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(1,5,3)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(3,5,7)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,3,7)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,7,6)); mMesh.CalculateAABB(); //Create a basic material for the cube shared_ptr<Material> material(new Material()); RenderPass pass; pass.SetCullMode(RenderPass::CullModes::BACK); material->AddPass(pass); //Set the mesh material mMesh.SetMaterial(material); } AxisAlignedBox GetLocalAxisAlignedBox() { AxisAlignedBox box; box.setMinimum(mMesh.GetMin()); box.setMaximum(mMesh.GetMax()); return box; } void Render(const Matrix4& transform, RenderTarget& renderTarget) { SetOrientation(Quaternion(Radian(mAngle),Vector3(0.4,0.5,1))); mAngle+=0.1f; mMesh.Render(transform * GetTransform(),renderTarget); } private: Mesh mMesh; f32 mAngle; }; int main(int argc, const char* args[]) { //You don't have to use a kernel object if you want to manage frame updates yourself. Kernel kernel; //Create a render window shared_ptr<RenderTarget> target = Platform::CreateRenderTarget("Window",kernel,800,300,32,false); // Renderers are used to render a camera (which renders a scene) in a viewport on a render target. They act as simple mapping // objects and perform screen clearing and buffer swapping. // // A multirenderer will render multiple Renderer objects and control the screen clearing and buffer swapping (otherwise you would // need to configure each Renderer yourself (which is entirely possible). MultiRenderer renderer(target); // Create a scene with a camera. Scene scene; shared_ptr<Camera> camera = scene.CreateCamera(); camera->SetPosition(0,0,10); // Create two renderers taking half of the screen each. renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0,0,0.5,1),camera); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0.5,0,1,1),camera); // Add our multi-renderer as a task to the Kernel. The Renderer's Update() method will render the // screen so you may need to set the priority of the task so it updates last. kernel.AddTask(renderer); // Create a spinning cube object, defined above. shared_ptr< SpinningCube > spinningCube(new SpinningCube()); scene.AddRenderable(spinningCube); // Start out program loop kernel.Execute(Platform::CreateExecutionModel()); return 0; } ```

Please either [[projects/echo_3/installing/|install]] or [[projects/echo_3/building/|build and install Echo]]. =Your first project= Now that you have everything installed, create a new project: 1. Open a command prompt and run the GenerateProject script ``` $ECHO_ENGINE_INSTALL_DIR/templates/cmake/GenerateProject.sh MyEchoProject EchoApplicationProject destinationFolder ``` You can run the script without any parameters and it will include a list of available templates. NOTE: If `ECHO_ENGINE_INSTALL_DIR` is not set (it does not have to be) and you're not sure where to find Echo, try `/opt/echo3` which is the default install location. 2. The output will display the path to the new project folder and build simple instructions, however the `cmake` templates also include some helper scripts to config, build, and run the projects for specified platforms. Since Echo is designed to be cross platform we want to make targeting other platforms simple, so we recommend using these steps. To learn how you should configure your IDE you can inspect the scripts (and follow the rabbit hole) to learn the few things that need to be done. ``` ./cmakeplatform linux ./buildplatform linux ``` 3. To run the project run from the project directory (rather than the build directory). This is because the template references resources relative to the project folder. You can change the configuration however you like though. ``` ./runplatform linux ``` The Echo Application template has a simple menu and main game state that you can switch between using the on screen buttons. The game state scene is made up of a spinning cube and some lights. {F4377 size=full} Congratulations, you have created, built and run your first Echo project! =What next?= Have a look at the project source code. The source files contain documentation about some Echo fundamentals and details the project Task structure. Here are some suggestions for moving forward: - Familiarise yourself with `Scene` objects: -- Modify the scene. -- Add another `SceneEntity` to the scene, give it a `Sphere` mesh (hint: the `Mesh` class contains some helper methods for generating certain meshes). - Familiarise yourself with `Camera`s, `Renderer`s and `Viewport`s: -- Modify the Game state to include a third `Viewport`. - Familiarise yourself with GUI scripts: -- In the resources folder you'll find a folder named Menu that contains various `.gui` files. These define GUI layouts of images, buttons, text etc. The element types correspond to Echo GUI classes. Play around with the menu elements. -- Try creating a couple of new buttons to click on in the Game state to speed up or slow down the spinning cube. You will need to create a function to change the speed and set up a new binding to make it available for GUI buttons (see the application file on how to set up bindings, but set the bindings up in `Game.cpp` using the provided `FunctionBinder`). - Familiarise yourself with `Task`s: Create a custom `Task` to periodically toggle the visibility of the sphere (or, if you didn't create one, the cube). If you're happy with your progress so far, you can move onto a more advanced project by creating a third person game using the provided project template. The third person game template is a little more complicated that the simple application. It provides examples of: - Using a `ContextSwitcher` to manage application states. - How you can get values from a `Configuration` object, - Creating a custom `Camera` controller task to follow a character - How to create and use `MappedInputDevice`s - How to create a generic game entity class that has discrete states defined by animations, physics bodies - How to create a `BulletPhysicsWorld` and add `PhysicsBody` instances to it.

This is a simple example to show how to use Echo for renderingPlease either [[projects/echo_3/installing/|install]] or [[projects/echo_3/building/|build and install Echo]]. ``` int main(int argc, char** argv) { Kernel kernel;=Your first project= shared_ptr<RenderTarget> target = Platform::CreateRenderTarget("Window",kernel,800,300,32,false); MultiRenderer renderer(target); Scene scene;Now that you have everything installed, create a new project: shared_ptr<Camera> camera = scene.CreateCamera(); camera->SetPosition(-1,10,10); camera->LookAt(0,0,0); shared_ptr<Camera> camera2 = scene.CreateCamera(); camera2->SetPosition(1,10,10); camera2->LookAt(0,0,0); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0,0,0.5,1),camera); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0.5,0,1,1),camera2);1. Open a command prompt and run the GenerateProject script kernel.AddTask(renderer); kernel.Execute(Platform::CreateExecutionModel()); return 0;``` }$ECHO_ENGINE_INSTALL_DIR/templates/cmake/GenerateProject.sh MyEchoProject EchoApplicationProject destinationFolder ``` In this example we use a custom scene renderable object that renders a cube mesh. The cube is created manually rather than loading a file to keep this example simple (i.e. not use resources). This example renders the cube through two different viewports using a Multi-Renderer. ``` //PlatformYou can run the script without any parameters and Kerneit will includese a list of available templates. #include <echo/Platform.h> #include <echo/Kernel/Kernel.h>NOTE: If `ECHO_ENGINE_INSTALL_DIR` is not set (it does not have to be) and you're not sure where to find Echo, try `/opt/echo3` which is the default install location. //Rendering includes #include <echo/Graphics/Renderer.h> #include <echo/Graphics/MultiRenderer.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Scene.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Camera.h> #include <echo/Graphics/Viewport.h>2. The output will display the path to the new project folder and build simple instructions, however the `cmake` templates also include some helper scripts to config, build, and run the projects for specified platforms. Since Echo is designed to be cross platform we want to make targeting other platforms simple, so we recommend using these steps. To learn how you should configure your IDE you can inspect the scripts (and follow the rabbit hole) to learn the few things that need to be done. //Graphics object includes``` #include <echo/Graphics/Mesh.h>./cmakeplatform linux #include <echo/Graphics/SubMesh.h> //To make this example a little easier on the eyes../buildplatform linux using namespace Echo;``` //A basic custom scene renderable. class SpinningCube : public SceneRenderable { public: SpinningCube() : mAngle(0) { //Create a cube SubMesh* subMesh=mMesh.CreateSubMesh(); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,0,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,-2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,0,1)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,-2,-2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,1,0));3. To run the project run from the project directory (rather than the build directory). This is because the template references resources relative to the project folder. You can change the configuration however you like though. subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,0,1)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(-2,-2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(0,1,0)); subMesh->AddVertex(Vector3(2,-2,2)); subMesh->AddColour(Colour(1,0,0)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,1,2));``` subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,1,3)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(5,4,6));./runplatform linux subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(5,6,7));``` subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(4,0,6)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(6,0,2));The Echo Application template has a simple menu and main game state that you can switch between using the on screen buttons. The game state scene is made up of a spinning cube and some lights. subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,4,5)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(0,5,1));{F4377 size=full} subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(1,5,3)); subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(3,5,7));Congratulations, you have created, built and run your first Echo project! subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,3,7));=What next?= subMesh->AddFace(IndexedTriangle(2,7,6)); mMesh.CalculateAABB();Have a look at the project source code. The source files contain documentation about some Echo fundamentals and details the project Task structure. //Create a basic material for the cube shared_ptr<Material> material(new Material()); RenderPass pass; pass.SetCullMode(RenderPass::CullModes::BACK); material->AddPass(pass); //Set the mesh material mMesh.SetMaterial(material); } AxisAlignedBox GetLocalAxisAlignedBox() { AxisAlignedBox box; box.setMinimum(mMesh.GetMin()); box.setMaximum(mMesh.GetMax()); return box; } void Render(const Matrix4& transform, RenderTarget& renderTarget) { SetOrientation(Quaternion(Radian(mAngle),Vector3(0.4,0.5,1))); mAngle+=0.1f; mMesh.Render(transform * GetTransform(),renderTarget); } private: Mesh mMesh; f32 mAngle; };Here are some suggestions for moving forward: int main(int argc, const char* args[]) { //You don't have to use a kernel object if you want to manage frame updates yourself. Kernel kernel;- Familiarise yourself with `Scene` objects: //Create a render window-- Modify the scene. shared_ptr<RenderTarget> target = Platform::CreateRenderTarget("Window",kernel,800,300,32,false);-- Add another `SceneEntity` to the scene, give it a `Sphere` mesh (hint: the `Mesh` class contains some helper methods for generating certain meshes). // Renderers are used to render a camera (which renders a scene) in a viewport on a render target.- Familiarise yourself with `Camera`s, They act as simple mapping`Renderer`s and `Viewport`s: // objects and perform screen clearing and buffer swapping-- Modify the Game state to include a third `Viewport`. //- Familiarise yourself with GUI scripts: // A multirenderer will render multiple Renderer objects and control the screen clearing and buffer swapping (otherwise you would-- In the resources folder you'll find a folder named Menu that contains various `.gui` files. These define GUI layouts of images, buttons, text etc. The element types correspond to Echo GUI classes. Play around with the menu elements. -- Try creating a couple of new buttons to click on in the Game state to speed up or slow down the spinning cube. You will need to create a function to change the speed and set up a new binding to make it available for GUI buttons (see the application file on how to set up bindings, but set the bindings up in `Game.cpp` using the provided `FunctionBinder`). // need to configure each Renderer yourself (which is entirely possible). MultiRenderer renderer(target); // Create a scene with a camera. Scene scene; shared_ptr<Camera> camera = scene.CreateCamera(); camera->SetPosition(0,0,10); // Create two renderers taking half of the screen each. renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0,0,0.5,1),camera); renderer.CreateRenderer(make_shared<Viewport>(0.5,0,1,1),camera);- Familiarise yourself with `Task`s: Create a custom `Task` to periodically toggle the visibility of the sphere (or, if you didn't create one, the cube). // Add our multi-renderer as a task to the Kernel. The Renderer's Update() method will render the // screen so you may need to set the priority of the task so it updates last.If you're happy with your progress so far, you can move onto a more advanced project by creating a third person game using the provided project template. The third person game template is a little more complicated that the simple application. It provides examples of: kernel.AddTask(renderer);- Using a `ContextSwitcher` to manage application states. // Create a spinning cube object, defined above.- How you can get values from a `Configuration` object, shared_ptr< SpinningCube > spinningCube(new SpinningCube());- Creating a custom `Camera` controller task to follow a character scene.AddRenderable(spinningCube);- How to create and use `MappedInputDevice`s // Start out program loop- How to create a generic game entity class that has discrete states defined by animations, physics bodies kernel.Execute(Platform::CreateExecutionModel()); return 0; } ```- How to create a `BulletPhysicsWorld` and add `PhysicsBody` instances to it.